May 15, 2009

Tropical Poisonous Flower

Vegetation helps sustain life. We eat many plants, herbs and so forth in our daily diet. But, we must remember to be choosy. Some plants, trees or shrubs are potential killers of man. Some part of the ornamental plants or flowers in your yard may contain deadly poison. Many poisonous plants are so common and seemingly innocuous you do not suspect their toxic qualities.
For example, who would expect that the beautiful oleander bush-grown indoors and outdoors all over the country-contains a deadly heart stimulant, similar to the drug digitalis?
It is easy to be deceived by plants. . .one part may be edible while another is poisonous. The following chart lists some of the more common poisonous plants.
read more Poisonous Plants

Name
Indonesia: Alamanda Inggris: golden-trumpet, common allamanda
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Allamanda
Species: Allamanda cathartica L.
Description
Perdu plants, long-lived (perenial), can achieve a high + / - 4 m. Roots upside. Wooden trunks, astigmatism, eared, green color, smooth surface, monopodial branching, branches droop direction. Single leaf, frame short, structured face-to-face (folia oposita), green color, ellipse shape, length 5 - 15 cm, width 2 - 5 cm, leaf blade thick, the ends of the base and taper (acuminatus), average edge, top and bottom surfaces smooth, sticky compound flowers, bunches of (racemus), appears in the armpit and the tip of the leaf stem, funnel-shaped crown (infundibuliformis) - yellow, crown length 8 - 12 mm, corolla sticky (gamopetalus) Fruit box (capsula), rounded , the length of + / - 1.5 cm, the form of a triangle with the bean, pale green when young - after the old black be generative breeding (seed), vegetative (stek).




Name
Indonesia: Lidah buaya Inggris: Aloe, Medicinal aloe Cina: lu hui
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asphodelaceae
Genus: Aloe
Species: Aloe vera L.
Description
Aloe is a succulent, and grows to a height of 12 to 16 inches. It has a fibrous root system producing long, tapering, stemless leaves. These light green leaves have spiky margins and are blotched with cream. The firm upright stems bear several bell-shaped, fleshy, yellow-orange flowers.



Name
English:Madagascar periwinkle, rose periwinkle Indonesian:Tapak dara, rutu-rutu, kembang serdadu Malay:kemunting cina Vietnamese:hoa hai dang Chinese:chang chun hua
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Catharanthus
Species: Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don
Description
Is a species of Catharanthus native and endemic to Madagascar. Synonyms include Vinca rosea (the basionym), Ammocallis rosea, and Lochnera rosea; other English names occasionally used include Cape Periwinkle, Rose Periwinkle, Rosy Periwinkle, and "Old-maid". In the wild, it is an endangered plant; the main cause of decline is habitat destruction by slash and burn agriculture. It is also however widely cultivated and is naturalised in subtropical and tropical areas of the world. It is an evergreen subshrub or herbaceous plant growing to 1 m tall. The leaves are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm long and 1–3.5 cm broad, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm long; they are arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are white to dark pink with a darker red centre, with a basal tube 2.5-3 cm long and a corolla 2–5 cm diameter with five petal-like lobes. The fruit is a pair of follicles 2–4 cm long and 3 mm broad.





Name
English:Indian suicide tree, grey milkwood, pong pong tree, sea mango Indonesian:Bintaro, kayu susu, kenyen putih, koyandan, mangga prabu, mangga laut
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Cerbera
Species: Cerbera odollam Gaertn.
Description
The fruit, when still green, looks like a small mango, with a green fibrous shell enclosing an ovoid kernel measuring approximately 2 cm × 1.5 cm and consisting of two cross-matching white fleshy halves. On exposure to air, the white kernel turns violet, then dark grey, and ultimately brown or black. The plant as a whole yields a milky white latex.





Name
English:Croton Indonesian:Puring
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Codiaeum
Species: Codiaeum variegatum Bi.
Description
Croton sylvaticus is a tree growing up to 30 m tall, with a dense spreading crown, bole straight, up to 1 m in diameter. Bark smooth on young branches; stems grey, roughly fissured and strongly aromatic. Leaves simple, broadly ovate, alternate, smooth and dark green; 3-5 nerved, leaf margin shallowly toothed; leaf tip acuminate, base cuneate, rounded or subcordate, 5-15 cm long and up to 10 cm wide. Leaf stalk 10 cm long with 2 prominent knob-like glands at junction of stalk and leaf blade. Flowers 3 mm long, cream coloured; placed on long terminal inflorescences up to 20 cm long, male flowers at top and female flowers at lower part of inflorescence. Male flowers are petalled. Fruit a 3-seeded short stalked capsule; 1 cm long, surface slightly warted and salmon orange. The scientific names summed up mean the ‘woodland croton’.





Name
English:Crown-of-thorns Indonesian:Mahkota duri, pakis giwang, Chinese:Tie hai tang
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species: Euphorbia milii Ch.Des Moulins
Description
Habitat: scrub, annual, erect, 40-80 cm high. Stem: having sides, rounded, sharp thorns meeting, spine 3-5 cm long, branching meeting, sticky, gray brown. Leaf: Single, the end of the rod, sit bcrseling, short stalk, leaf blade shape oval or oval, base and spike, flat edge, 3-5 cm long, 1,5-2 cm wide, smooth, fin bone, green. Flowers: compound, located in the armpit leaves, umbrella shape, the mother flower stalk 5-10 cm long, red-purple color, blade sheath 2, the form of a kidney, smooth, 8-13 mm long, color red, the fruit will stay, stamen and pistil form a prism, the length of 1-2 mm, red, blade crown 5, 1-2 mm long, ravel, red. Fruit: Grid. the form of rounded, small, white greenness. Seed: shape rounded, small, yellowish brown. Roots: fibrous, blackish brown.





Name
English:Poinsettia, christmas flower Indonesian:Kastuba, puring benggala, denok, pohon merah, kigeulis (Sunda), racunan (Jawa) Chinese:Yi ping hong, ye xiang hua
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species: Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzs
Description
Poinsettias are shrubs to small trees, typically reaching a height of 0.6 to 4 m (2 to 16 ft). The plant bears dark green dentate leaves that measure 7 to 16 cm (3 to 6 in) in length. The top ves, known as bracts, are flaming red, pink, or white and are often mistaken as flowers. The actual lowers are the small yellow structures found in the center of each leaf bunch, which are called Cyathia. Cultivars have been produced with orange, pale green, cream and marbled leaves. There are over 100 varieties of poinsettias available, but 74% of Americans still prefer red poinsettias, 8% prefer white, and 6% prefer pink (The Poinsettia Pages, University of Illinois Extension).






Name
English:copper plant, red spurge, poison spurge Indonesian:Herba mala
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species: Euphorbia cotinifolia L
Description
Deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub; leaves alternate, simple; flowers very fragrant, lilac to rose-purple or white, 2-3 per cluster and developing before the leaves; fruit a red or yellow drupe.




Name
English:Glory lily Indonesian:Kembang sungsang
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)
Subclass: Liliidae
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Genus: Gloriosa
Species: Gloriosa superba
Description
A scandent plant, climbing by leaftip tendrils. The perianth segments, which are accrescent during anthesis and become reflexed, are striking in color, yellow proximally and at margins and dark red in the median portion Height: 60-72 inches.




Name
English:Bottle palm Indonesian:Palem botol
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)
Subclass: Arecidae
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Genus: Hyophorbe
Species: Hyophorbe lagenicaulis (L.H.Bailey) H.E.Moore
Description
Its height can vary from 40 to 70 feet, and branched reach up to 15 feet across, with a crown of piky fronds. Individual leaves may measure more than 36 inches in width.Bottle palms are very cold sensitive and are killed at 32°F (0°C) or colder for any appreciable length of time. They may survive a brief, light frost, but will have foliage damage. Bottle Palm (Hyophorbe lagenicaulis) 25 Gallon - 5' + - Gets its name from the bloated trunk, which resembles a bottle. Needs full sun and lots of warmth.




Name
English:lantana, shrub verbena Indonesian:Tahi ayam, tembelekan, telekan Malay:Tahi ayam
Classification
Kingdom:Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Verbenaceae
Genus: Lantana
Species: Lantana camara L.
Description
Introduced. A shrub with cream, yellow, or pink flowers, usually aging to orange or red, clustered into multicolored heads. Flowers: 1/2", with 4 unequal lobes. May bloom year-round. Leaves ovate, toothed, rough-hairy. Fruit 1/3", berry-like, metallic blue. Height: 5' (1.5 m).



Name
English:beauty of the night, marvel of P Indonesian:Bunga pukul empat
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Hamamelidae
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nyctaginaceae
Genus: Mirabilis
Species: Mirabilis jalapa L.
Description
The form of small trumpet-like flowers with a length of 2 to 10 cm shocking pink color, white, or a mixture of both colors and yellow. Flowers bloom in the evening. The yellow fragrant fragrant.Height: 60-90 cm
Leaf arrangement: opposite/sub opposite
Leaf shape: ovate
Leaf margin: serrate
Leaf venation: pinnate
Leaf blade length: 2-7 cm
Leaf blade width: 1-4 cm
Leaf color: green
Flower characteristic: year-round flowering
Fruit characteristic: inconspicuous and not showy
Sun exposure: full sun, or partial shade
Propagation Methods: from seed





Name
English:oleander Indonesian:Bunga jepun, jure (Snd), bunga anis, padendang, oleander Chinese:jia zhu tao
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Nerium
Species: Nerium oleander L.
Description
Is a woody shrub or small tree ranging in height from 5 to 25 feet. When allowed to grow naturally it produces a large number of stems and forms a dense clump, but occasionally plants are trimmed to a single large trunk with a much-branched crown. The bark on young stems is smooth and green, but older branches and trunks are gray and roughened by many raised lenticels. The numerous short-stalked leaves are borne in pairs or more often in whorls of 3 around the twigs. The leaf-blades are simple, narrow, evergreen, leathery, pointed at the tip, dull dark green above with a prominent lighter colored midrib. They are 3 to 10 inches long and smooth on the margin. The leaves usually turn yellow before falling and the leaf-scars are prominent on twigs and branches.The flowers, produced in early summer or all year in the warmer parts of the state, are borne in upright clusters at the ends of branches on the upper part of the shrub. They vary in color from white through pink, creamy yellow and rose to deep red. Normally, there are 5 petals about 1 inch long with a fringed appendage at the base of each, but many cultivated forms are found in gardens with double (many petalled) flowers. The pods, not commonly produced, are long, narrow, cylindri-cal and paired. The numerous seeds are furnished with a tuft of brown hairs. All parts of the plants, but especially the new growth, exude a gummy, sticky sap when injured.





Name
English:Tobacco Indonesian:Tembakau, mbako (Jawa), bako (Sunda)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Nicotiana
Species: Nicotiana tabacum L.
Description
The genus derives its name from Joan Nicot, a Portuguese who introduced the Tobacco plant into France. The specific name being derived from the Haitian word for the pipe in which the herb is smoked. Tobacco is an annual, with a long fibrous root, stem erect, round, hairy, and viscid; it branches near the top and is from 3 to 6 feet high. Leaves large, numerous, alternate, sessile, somewhat decurrent, ovate, lanceolate, pointed, entire, slightly viscid and hairy, pale-green colour, brittle, narcotic odour, with a nauseous, bitter acrid taste. Nicotine is a volatile oil, inflammable, powerfully alkaline, with an acrid smell and a burning taste. By distillation with water it yields a concrete volatile oil termed nicotianin or Tobacco camphor, which is tasteless, crystalline, and smells of Tobacco; other constituents are albumen, resin, gum, and inorganic matters.






Name
English:Split leaf philodendron, lacy tree philodendron, selloum Indonesian:Philodendron selloum
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)
Subclass: Arecidae
Order: Arales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Philodendron
Species: Philodendron selloum C. Koch
Description
This herbaceous plant reaches up to 8 m in height, it is prostrated or ascending when supported. The leaves are big, green, tough, split, perforated and ornamental. Its blossoming is spadix-like (similar to the anthurium, which belongs to the same family), it has a whitish beige colouration and measures 20 to 30 cm in length. The fruit is berry-shaped, aromatic, and very tasty and looks like a green corncob.


Name
English:Nile cabbage, water lettuce Indonesian:Kiapu, ki apung, ki apu, kayu apu, kayu apung
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)
Subclass: Arecidae
Order: Arales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Pistia
Species: Pistia stratiotes L.
Description
Herb is a plant, float in the water, with 5-10 cm high. This plant does not trunked. Single leaf, root, roset, solet shaped, with a rounded edge. Has a base tapering, edge berlekuk, and 2-10 cm in length. Leaves have 2-6 cm wide, with parallel pertulangan, and green-blue. Ear-bearing, in the armpit leaves, a settle, ± 1 cm long, blond, protected by seludang (feathering soft), and white. While the fruit is hidden, bulbous, and red. Fibrous roots that have white.





Name
English:castor bean, castor oil plant, palma Christi, wonder tree Indonesian:Jarak kepyar, jarak kaliki (Sunda), tanggang-tanggang raja (Makasar), peleng kaliki (Bugis) Malay:Pokok jarak, kacang kastor Thai:Lahung daeng Chinese:Bi ma, ma hong liang Japanese:Hima, rishin
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Ricinus
Species: Ricinus communis L
Description
branching perennial shrub which grows to 3 m high and occasionally higher. It has stout hollow branches which are a dull pale green or red; older branches and trunks turn greyish. Large leaves (10−60 cm across) are widely spaced on the branches and grow on long, stout, hollow stalks attached off-centre to the bottom of the leaf. Each leaf is divided into 7−9 pointed triangular segments with toothed edges and conspicuous veins. Leaves are glossy, dark reddish-green when young, glossy green when mature. The flowers are crowded in stout, erect spikes in the forks of the upper branches. Female flowers are in the upper part of the spikes, male flowers at the base. Female flowers develop into fruits about 2.5 cm across which are covered with soft green or red spines. These fruits have three segments, each segment containing one large, mottled, smooth seed. When ripe, the fruits explode violently and throw the seeds a distance of several metres.







Name

English:Yellow oleander, lucky nut, campanilla Indonesian:Ginje, bunga terompet, oleander kuning Malay:Pokok jepun, bunga terompet
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Super Division: Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Thevetia
Species: Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K.Schum
Description
Previously known as Thevetia peruviana, all parts of this plant are highly toxic as they contain cardiac glycosides. The fleshy angular fruits, which are about the size of an unshelled walnut, and seeds are the most dangerous. The leaves are leathery and narrow to about 16 cm long and1-1.5 cm wide and the flowers are usually yellow and bell-shaped to about 7 cm long. Flowers present throughout most of the year. This species is a class 3 weed.





source :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

http://www.plantamor.com/index.php?CatID=13

http://www.gardenguides.com/plants/info/herbs/

http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea/products/AFDbases/AF/asp/

http://kambing.ui.ac.id/bebas/v12/artikel/ttg_tanaman_obat/depkes/buku5/5-031.pdf

http://72.14.235.132/search?q=cache:eRzLCC0JbfUJ:fulltextt10.fcla.edu/DLData/UF/UF00020522/00027.pdf+oleander+description&cd=
11&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id&client=firefox-a

http://bocahpharmacy.multiply.com/journal/item/65

http://cms.jcu.edu.au/discovernature/planttownsville/JCUDEV_005957

http://plantanswers.tamu.edu/publications/poison/poison.html
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/poison/Daphnme.htm

5 comments:

kumbung said...

nice blog.... kumbung here

doctor in pink said...

Hi there! thanks for the visit. :) $$$mile$$$ for you. :) pls $mile back. :)

Let's Prettify

Stephanie said...

Hello! very good information here. I was looking for plant care for poinsettia. They always do no last long. I am from Malaysia and the weather here is very hot. I wonder if there is type of poinsettia suitable for tropical hot climate. And would the plant survive under the hot sun :-)

Aloe vera benefits said...

Thanks you for nick article..

0(^_^)0 Always Happy said...

hy stephanie.... that plans suitable for ure country... but carefull do not eat them. heheuhueheuh